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THE CITIZENSHIP DESK

Afghanistan

AFG

Afghanistan is a landlocked country in Southern Asia bordered by Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and China. Since the Taliban resumed control in August 2021, the country has operated outside internationally recognised governance frameworks; no foreign government formally recognises the Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan. The Afghan passport currently ranks among the weakest globally, providing visa-free or visa-on-arrival access to approximately 28 destinations. Dual citizenship is not officially recognised under Afghan law. The UN and most Western states maintain Afghan embassies or consular services for diaspora documentation and passport renewals, though conditions and processing capacity vary by country. Afghan nationals abroad should verify current consular availability in their host country before initiating any documentation process.

Passport Rank

#103

Visa-Free

28

destinations

Country Details

Capital
Kabul
Currency
Afghan Afghani (AFN)
Languages
Dari, Pashto
Population
40,754,388
Tax System
Residence Based
Dual Citizenship
Not allowed
Naturalisation
5 years
Schengen / EU
No
Climate
Arid to semi-arid; cold winters and hot summers; significant regional variation between mountain and lowland zones

Indices

Cost of Living

18

Safety

9

Healthcare

11

Quality of Life

10

Tax Summary

Tax System
Residence Based
Territorial Taxation
No — worldwide income taxed for residents
Naturalisation
5 years of legal residency
Dual Citizenship
Not allowed

Cost of Living by City

← scroll the table →

Monthly cost of living per major city in USD: rent, groceries, utilities, transit pass
CityRent 1BR centreRent outsideGroceriesUtilitiesTransit pass
Kabul
Kandahar
Herat

Monthly USD figures. Typical central 1-bedroom rent, grocery basket for one, household utilities, monthly transit pass.

Climate

Kabul

-3°J
0°F
7°M
13°A
18°M
23°J
25°J
24°A
19°S
13°O
5°N
-1°D

Rainfall range: 355 mm/month · Daylight 10h (winter) to 14h (summer)

Visa Categories & Immigration Authority

Major Visa Categories

  • Tourist (severely restricted)
  • Business
  • Work
  • Family
  • Diplomatic
Authority
Ministry of Refugees & Repatriations / Passport Directorate
Official Portal
morr.gov.af

Naturalisation Details

Residence Years
5
Language Test
Yes (Dari/Pashto)
Civic Test
No
Oath Required
Yes
Dual Allowed
No
Fee
$50
Processing
~24 months

Safety

GPI Rank

#163

Global Peace Index ranking (lower is safer)

Common Risks

  • Fake aid-worker or NGO recruitment demanding upfront payments or documents
  • Fraudulent visa facilitation services charging fees for non-existent permits
  • Currency exchange fraud using counterfeit or deprecated Afghani notes

Examples of areas to avoid: Spin Boldak (Kandahar province) — active Taliban border-crossing flashpoint and smuggling corridor, Kunar and Nuristan provinces — remote mountainous areas with persistent insurgent activity and limited state presence, Kabul diplomatic quarter perimeter outside secured compounds — frequent soft-target attack risk

Related Guides

Sources & last verified

  • Last verified 2026-06-15