Wealth Tax by Country

Annual taxes on net wealth (assets minus liabilities) are rare — most OECD countries that once levied them abolished them in the 1990s and 2000s after observing capital-flight effects. This page lists the jurisdictions that still tax net wealth, the jurisdictions that tax only specific asset classes (typically real estate), and the historical abolishers that occasionally appear in renewed political proposals.

Last reviewed: 2026-05-09. Wealth-tax rules change with national budgets — verify with the issuing authority before planning.

Annual wealth-tax thresholds, rates, and primary-residence treatment by country
Country	Status	Threshold	Top rate	Primary residence
Argentina	In effect	ARS 27 million (~$25,000) for residents on worldwide assets; lower for non-residents on Argentine-situs assets. Bienes Personales tax — assets held abroad by Argentine residents pay a higher surtax (up to 2.25%) unless repatriated. Subject to frequent peso-threshold updates due to inflation. https://www.afip.gob.ar/	1.75% on worldwide assets above ARS 1.5 billion (residents); 0.5%-1.25% scale.	ARS 27 million primary-residence allowance.
Colombia	In effect	COP 3.5 billion (~$870,000) net wealth (2024). The 2022 tax reform reintroduced a permanent wealth tax (Impuesto al Patrimonio) replacing the previous temporary version. Applies to Colombian tax residents on worldwide wealth. https://www.dian.gov.co/	1.5% above COP 13 billion (~$3.2M).	COP 509 million (~$130,000) exempt per person.
Liechtenstein	In effect	CHF 0 — wealth tax integrated as imputed-yield income tax (4% notional rate on net wealth above CHF 200,000 single). Liechtenstein technically does not levy a separate wealth tax but applies a 4% notional yield on net wealth which is then taxed as ordinary income — economically equivalent. https://www.llv.li/	Variable — depends on income tax brackets applied to the imputed yield.	Included in net-wealth basis at administrative valuation.
Netherlands	In effect	€57,000 per person (2025 box-3 threshold). Box-3 is technically an income tax on a deemed return, but it functions economically as a wealth tax. The Hoge Raad ruled the historic deemed-yield system unconstitutional in 2021/2024 — the government is implementing actual-yield taxation by 2027. Non-residents pay box-3 only on Dutch-situs investment property. https://www.belastingdienst.nl/	36% on a deemed yield (effective rate ~1.4%-1.7% of asset value depending on category).	Excluded — primary residence taxed separately under box 1 (imputed rental income).
Norway	In effect	NOK 1.7 million single / NOK 3.4 million married (2024). Primary residence valued at 25% of market value (taxable basis). Norway's wealth tax has driven measurable HNWI emigration to Switzerland since the 2022 increase to 1.1% top rate. Norwegian-tax-resident HNWIs face a 37.84% effective tax on dividends in addition to wealth tax. https://www.skatteetaten.no/en/	1.1% (combined municipal 0.7% + state 0.4% above NOK 20.7M).	Valued at 25% of market value — substantial discount to taxable basis.
Spain	Regional / cantonal	Most autonomous communities: €700,000 net wealth (€300,000 primary-residence allowance applies separately). Spain levies a state Impuesto sobre el Patrimonio plus regional surtaxes. Madrid, Andalusia, Galicia, and Cantabria offer 100% bonifications (effective 0%) — but the state Solidarity Wealth Tax (Impuesto Temporal de Solidaridad de las Grandes Fortunas), in force since 2022 and renewed annually, captures wealth above €3M in zero-rate regions to prevent regional arbitrage. Beckham-regime taxpayers pay wealth tax only on Spanish-situs assets. https://sede.agenciatributaria.gob.es/	Up to 3.5% (Asturias) at the top bracket; standard state rate caps at 3.5% above €10.7M.	€300,000 exempt per person.
Switzerland	Regional / cantonal	Set by canton — typically CHF 50,000-300,000 single. Zürich CHF 77,000; Geneva CHF 84,000. Wealth tax is purely cantonal — federal Switzerland levies no wealth tax. The Lump-Sum Taxation regime (forfait fiscal) for HNWI residents typically also covers wealth-tax obligations through the negotiated taxable base. https://www.estv.admin.ch/	Combined cantonal + communal: ~0.1%-1.0% depending on canton. Zug, Schwyz lowest. Geneva, Basel-Stadt highest.	Included at imputed/cantonal valuation, typically below market value.
France	Real estate only	€1.3 million in net real-estate assets. France abolished the broad ISF (Impôt de solidarité sur la fortune) in 2018 and replaced it with the IFI (Impôt sur la Fortune Immobilière) — a tax only on real-estate wealth. Movable wealth (stocks, bonds, cash, art) is not taxed. Non-residents are subject to IFI on French-situs real estate only. https://www.impots.gouv.fr/	1.5% above €10M net real-estate value.	30% allowance on primary-residence value.
Italy	Real estate only	Foreign assets only — Italian-situs real estate is not subject to wealth tax. IVIE/IVAFE are wealth-tax-style levies on assets held abroad by Italian tax residents. Domestic Italian wealth is taxed only via income, IMU (real estate), and inheritance regimes. The €100,000 / €200,000 HNWI flat-tax regimes substitute for IVIE/IVAFE on covered foreign assets. https://www.agenziaentrate.gov.it/	IVIE (foreign property): 1.06%. IVAFE (foreign financial assets): 0.4% on accounts, 0.2% on securities.	Italian primary residence: no wealth tax. Foreign primary residence: IVIE applies.
Austria	Abolished	— Austria abolished its wealth tax in 1994. Persistent left-coalition proposals to reinstate but no current legislation.	—	—
Denmark	Abolished	— Denmark abolished its wealth tax in 1997. Capital tax integrated into income-tax progressive brackets and property-value taxation.	—	—
Finland	Abolished	— Finland abolished its wealth tax in 2006 under PM Vanhanen's government — citing capital-flight risks and administrative complexity.	—	—
Germany	Abolished	— Germany's wealth tax was suspended in 1997 after the Federal Constitutional Court ruled it unconstitutional (unequal treatment of real-estate vs financial assets). Periodic political proposals to reinstate but no current legislation. Greens and SPD typically support, CDU/FDP oppose.	—	—
Iceland	Abolished	— Iceland levied a temporary wealth tax 2010-2014 in the post-financial-crisis recovery. Has not been reintroduced.	—	—
Sweden	Abolished	— Sweden abolished its wealth tax (förmögenhetsskatt) in 2007. The decision was driven by capital flight observations — estimated SEK 500B-1.5T held abroad by Swedes during the tax-in-effect period.	—	—

Reading this matrix

In-effect wealth taxes apply to worldwide net wealth for tax residents (with treaty modification possible for non-residents on local-situs assets).
Real-estate only regimes (France IFI, Italy IVIE) tax only specific asset classes — financial wealth is outside scope.
Regional / cantonal regimes (Spain, Switzerland) impose wealth tax at the sub-national level — effective burden depends heavily on residence choice within the country.
Abolished jurisdictions are listed for historical context. Reintroduction proposals appear regularly in left-coalition platforms but have not produced new legislation in any major OECD country since 2010.
Treaty relief. Wealth-tax treaties are rare — double taxation is usually unilaterally relieved through domestic foreign-tax-credit rules (Spain, Norway, Switzerland). The OECD Model Convention has provisions on capital taxes (Article 22) but few countries operate full wealth-tax treaties.