Citizenship Programs

Two primary routes to citizenship beyond naturalisation: investment and descent. Both are documented here with costs, timelines, and official source links.

By Investment

Citizenship-by-investment (CBI) programs grant citizenship in exchange for a financial contribution or qualifying investment.

Programs Catalogued

By Descent

Citizenship by descent (jure sanguinis) programs recognise nationality based on ancestry — parents, grandparents, or earlier generations.

Programs Catalogued