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THE CITIZENSHIP DESK

Thailand vs Vietnam

Side-by-side comparison of Thailand and Vietnam: residency, citizenship, tax, cost of living and lifestyle. Updated 2026.

Thailand versus Vietnam — Southeast Asia's two largest expat destinations after Singapore/Malaysia. Thailand's LTR (10-year) and DTV (Destination Thailand Visa, 5-year) target wealthy globals, retirees and remote workers; Vietnam's DT investor visa and reformed restoration regime under Law 79/2025 target overseas Vietnamese and investors. Tax: Thailand applies worldwide income to residents from 2024 (foreign-source remitted in the same or subsequent year); Vietnam is residence-based but treaty network is narrower. Banking is materially harder for non-residents in both.

Field Thailand Vietnam
Regionasia / Southeast Asiaasia / South-Eastern Asia
CapitalBangkokHanoi
Population71,600,000100,340,000
CurrencyThai Baht (THB)Vietnamese đồng (VND)
LanguagesThaiVietnamese
Passport rank6288
Visa-free destinations8251
Dual citizenshipNot allowedNot allowed
Tax systemremittance-basedresidence-based
Territorial taxationNoNo
Special tax regime (NHR-style)NoNo
Citizenship by investment
Citizenship by descentAvailable
Years to naturalisation10 years5 years
Cost of living (NYC=100)3539
Safety index5856
Healthcare index6965
Quality of life160110
ClimateTropicalTropical / subtropical
SchengenNon-memberNon-member
EUNon-memberNon-member
Last reviewed: 2026-06-15. Verify with official sources before acting.