Padrón / Empadronamiento

Registration on the Padrón Municipal de Habitantes — the local population register maintained by every Spanish municipality. Empadronamiento records a resident's address with the town hall (ayuntamiento) and is required to access local healthcare, enrol children in public schools, vote in municipal elections (where eligible), and renew certain residence permits. Registration is independent of immigration status and can be done by anyone genuinely living at an address; the certificate (certificado de empadronamiento) is widely required as proof of residence in Spain.