Kiribati

Kiribati is a remote Pacific nation comprising 33 low-lying coral atolls and reef islands straddling the equator and the International Date Line. With a mean elevation of less than two metres above sea level, it is one of the world's most climate-change-vulnerable countries: rising seas, saltwater intrusion, and intensifying storms threaten freshwater supplies and the habitability of several islands. The economy depends heavily on fishing licence revenue, diaspora remittances, and foreign aid. Infrastructure and healthcare capacity are limited. The government has pursued managed migration agreements—notably with New Zealand—allowing I-Kiribati to work and eventually settle abroad as a long-term adaptation strategy. Naturalisation requires seven years of lawful residence, and dual citizenship is not permitted.