Freedom of Movement

Freedom of movement is the right of citizens of a particular political union or treaty area to travel, reside, and work in any member state without requiring a visa or work permit. Within the European Union, freedom of movement for EU citizens is a foundational treaty right covering workers, students, retirees, and their family members. Brexit ended freedom of movement between the UK and the EU for new migrants from January 2021. Bilateral agreements, such as those between Australia and New Zealand, create similar arrangements on a smaller scale.